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"A Void Of Entropy And Stardust Awaits"
Multi-Genre Composer, main preferences are atmosphere-heavy directions and technical detailing/palettes.
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Other/Old Account: Lich
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Comments

There are lots of free and open source software (FOSS) for music production. Some excellent. Some terribly broken. Some have huge learning curves but you can do amazing things with them if you get past that. You've mentioned a couple such programs (ZynAddSubFX and Ardour), but I think you should look into the following and see if you like any of them.

Audacity -- sound recording and audio and waveform editing
Hydrogen Drum Machine -- a software drum machine
MuseScore -- great for producing sheet music from MIDI files or you can compose in it directly
Rosegarden -- a software sequencer type of thing. Will require JACK and some softsynth
LMMS -- IMO not as good as Rosegarden but can be used for a similar thing
FluidSynth -- pretty much the "default" softsynth that is recommended be used with JACK but you can use others instead
QJackCtl -- GUI that makes JACK a bit easier to use
QSynth -- GUI frontend to FluidSynth (at least presently) though perhaps not indefinitely (it might use some other softsynth at some point)
Yoshimi -- similar to ZynAddSubFX and in fact built from it I believe
MilkyTracker -- just an excellent music tracker software similar to FastTracker
OpenMPT -- probably one of the best music trackers around
PureData -- very complicated huge learning curve but incredibly powerful music programming environment
SuperCollider -- another complicated huge learning curve but powerful music programming environment

OpenMPT is Windows-only software, though it works fine used under Wine on Linux. The rest can be used on Linux natively.

Audacity, MuseScore, LMMS, MilkyTracker, and PureData all should be able to be used under Windows (and probably Mac as well). Not sure about the others. Obviously JACK is more of a Linux audio thing and a bit non-intuitive at first.

The Windows version of PureData is not entirely compatible with the Linux version and so forth. Meaning, depending what you do, it is very possible to make something in PureData which only works correctly in Windows, which only works correctly in Linux, or which only works correctly in whatever OS port you are using.

There are lots more, but these are probably worth looking at.

Thanks for posting!

I'm definitely familiar with alot of the above packages since I've dabbled with composing in a Linux environment before in the past (I did recently hear that yabridge shows very promising results for allowing alot of both VST2 and VST3 plugins to run in both Bitwig and REAPER on Linux, with other DAW's with yabridge being in variable states of support). What I may do for certain things like Audacity, Hydrogen and Musescore is add them into a separate category since they're not exactly fully-fledged DAW's, but still very useful. I'll add OpenMPT to the DAW list shortly. I'm still very 50/50 on LMMS being a recommended choice right now (it felt unstable and clunky with a fair few mainstream VST's and samplers when I last tested it), albeit it's been awhile since I've bothered to really give it a go.

The main intention with the list for now would be as an archive of easy, ready-to-go resources for composing/scoring/drafting that anyone at all levels of skill/technical-competency can just grab and use with minimal fuss, which is why I've left JACK and it's associated packages off this specific list. I think what I'd like to do for that instead though would be a separate list for Linux Composing, so we can also include other things along with JACK-packages such as recommended LV2 plugins and decent/promising wine-staging packages for running VST's like yabridge etc. Plus some straight forward documentation and recommended distro's to let anyone interested dive into trying it out without too much issue.

Great list.

For the Kontakt instruments you can run them for 15 minutes in Kontakt Player with Demo mode, after that the sound will be off until you reload the plugin. What I did in the old days is to arrange the notes until time out or after, then reload Kontakt and render it within the 15 min limit.

@NeonSpider

My production is strictly Linux (Debian Buster), but with Wine and Airwave (Linux bridge for Win VST.) I run FL Studio, ModPlug and every Win VST in Wine, if I need to run native Linux port for the DAW I'd use Airwave for the VST. Most of my high quality production in recent years are produced on Debian.

Thanks dude im saving the link to this post. <3

Here is some extra free stuff to add to the list! :D

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Roland Zenology Free has a lot of cool midi and synth sounds. Some of these sounds you might recognize. Note: You need to make a Roland Cloud account to use the VST, but you don't have to pay for the Cloud subscription
https://www.rolandcloud.com/

Halion Sonic SE is another of those really cool free general midi vsts like Zenology. The install process is slightly complicated so here is an image to guide you through the steps. https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/394454648897011732/804808203320819742/unknown.png

UVI Workstation is pretty cool. It has really cool sounds in the factory library, but not a lot of them. Sometimes they do free giveaway of their libraries.
https://www.uvi.net/uvi-workstation.html

Synthmaster Player is a really cool synth patch collection. It comes with a free version which has tons of sounds.
https://www.kv331audio.com/synthmasterplayer.aspx

Sampletank 4 CS is incredible. The sounds are few, but they sound amazing. My favorites are the organ, piano and steel guitar patches
https://www.ikmultimedia.com/products/st4cs/

Ayy awesome, thanks for posting the links!
I'll have a dive through them later and probably add them to the list!

Incredible, thanks for compiling these resources! Bookmarked for later :D

Amazing list, man! I know most of these (excellent choice!) and I'll definitely check the rest out!

Since you included chiptune synths, I just wanted to add that there's a DAW-like NES music editor and it's so good! Very intuitive to use if you prefer DAWs over trackers and the developer is constantly engaged with improving it and adding new features.
It's called FamiStudio and it's free for Windows, MacOS and Linux:
https://famistudio.org/